tarock and tarocchi Non-occult Italian-suited Occult tarot decks

The tarot first called trionfi and later as tarocchi, tarock, yet others is a pack of playing cards most often numbering ), used from your mid-th century in various parts of Europe to learn a small grouping of card games for example Italian tarocchini and French tarot. From the late th century prior to the present time the tarot has additionally found use by mystics and occultists in efforts at divination or being a map of mental and spiritual pathways.

The tarot has four suits (which vary by region, being the French suits in Northern Europe, the Latin suits in Southern Europe, along with the German suits in Central Europe). Each of those suits has pip cards numbering from ace to ten and four face cards for any total of cards. In addition, the tarot is distinguished by a separate -card trump suit and a single c one-time offer ard known as the Fool. Depending for the game, the Fool may act as the top trump or may be played to prevent following suit.

Fran�ois Rabelais gives tarau since the name of a single from the games played by Gargantua as portion of his Gargantua and Pantagruel; this can be likely the earliest attestation of the French form with the name. Tarot cards are utilized throughout most of Europe to learn card games. In English-speaking countries, where these games are largely unplayed, tarot cards have become used primarily for divinatory purposes.Occultists call the trump cards and also the Fool "the major arcana" as the ten pip and four court cards in each suit are classified as minor arcana. The cards are traced by some occult writers to ancient Egypt or perhaps the Kabbalah but there is certainly no documented evidence of these origins or in the use of tarot for divination prior to the th century.



The English and French word tarot derives through the Italian tarocchi, which does not have any known origin or etymology. One theory relates the name "tarot" on the Taro River in northern Italy, near Parma; the overall game seems to own originated in northern Italy, in Milan or Bologna. Other writers trust it comes in the Arabic word turuq, this means 'ways'.Alternatively, it could be from the Arabic taraka, 'to leave, abandon, omit, leave behind'. According with a French etymology, the Italian tarocco derived from Arabic ..'rejection; subtraction, deduction, discount'.

There can also be the question of whether the word tarot is related to Harut and Marut, who were mentioned in a very short account inside the Qur'an. According to the account, a small grouping of Israelites learned magic, for demonstration also to test them, from two angels called Harut and Marut, and yes it adds until this knowledge of magic will be passed to others from the devil.9 What could be taken into consideration here could be the phonetic resemblance of tarot to Harut and Marut .
History

Playing cards first entered Europe within the late th century, probably from Mamluk Egypt, with suits much the same towards the tarot suits of Swords, Staves, Cups and Coins (also known as disks, and pentacles) and the ones still found in traditional Italian, Spanish and Portuguese decks.

The first known documented tarot cards are created between and in Milan, Ferrara and Bologna in northern Italy when additional trump cards with allegorical illustrations were added to the common four-suit pack. These new decks were originally called carte da trionfi, triumph cards, along with the additional cards known simply as trionfi, which became "trumps" in English. The first literary evidence of the existence of carte da trionfi can be a written statement inside court records in Ferrara, in . The oldest surviving tarot cards come from fifteen fragmented decks painted within the mid th century for that Visconti-Sforza family, the rulers of Milan.
Early decks
Le Bateleur: The Juggler from your Tarot of Marseilles. This card is usually named The Magician in modern English language tarots

Picture-card packs are first mentioned by Martiano da Tortona probably between and , considering that the painter he mentions, Michelino da Besozzo, returned to Milan in , while Martiano himself died in . He describes a deck with picture cards with images of the Greek gods and suits depicting four forms of birds, not the normal suits. However the cards were obviously thought to be "trumps" as, about years later, Jacopo Antonio Marcello called them a ludus triumphorum, or "game of trumps".

Special motifs on cards added to regular packs show philosophical, social, poetical, astronomical, and heraldic ideas, Roman/Greek/Babylonian heroes, as in the case from the Sola-Busca-Tarocchi (9) along with the Boiardo Tarocchi poem, written with an unknown date between and 9.

Two playing card decks from Milan (the Brera-Brambilla and Cary-Yale-Tarocchi)�extant, but fragmentary�were made circa . Three documents dating from January to July , use the term trionfi. The document from January is undoubtedly an unreliable reference; however, a similar painter, Sagramoro, was commissioned from the same patron, Leonello d'Este, as inside the February document. The game did actually gain in importance inside year , a Jubilee year in Italy, which saw many festivities as well as the movement of many pilgrims.

Three mid-th century sets were made for members with the Visconti family. The first deck, and in most likelihood the prototype, is known as the Cary-Yale Tarot (or Visconti-Modrone Tarot) and was created between and by an anonymous painter for Filippo Maria Visconti. The cards (only ) are today inside the Cary collection in the Beinecke Rare Book Library at Yale University, in the U.S. state of Connecticut. The most famous was painted within the mid-th century, to celebrate Francesco Sforza with his fantastic wife Bianca Maria Visconti, daughter in the duke Filippo Maria. Probably, prepaid credit cards were painted by Bonifacio Bembo or Francesco Zavattari between and . Of the first cards, have been in The Morgan Library & Museum, are with the Accademia Carrara, are at the Casa Colleoni and four: 'The Devil', 'The Tower', 'Money's Horse (The Chariot)' and ' of Spades', are lost if not never made. This "Visconti-Sforza" deck, which may be widely reproduced, reflects conventional iconography in the time and energy to an important degree.